How is Obesity Treated?
Treatment for obesity includes a range of therapies, such as diet and exercise, behavior therapy, weight loss drug therapy and bariatric surgery. In assessing which type or combination of treatment(s) is most suitable, various factors are considered. These factors include, the degree of patient overweight, patient health history, mobility, as well as the ability of the patient to comply with dietary and other behavioral guidelines.
Advice issued by the National Institutes of Health Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults, offers the following recommendations for the treatment of obesity and obesity related disease.
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Weight Loss to Improve Health
Weight reduction is recommended to lower elevated blood pressure, cholesterol or blood glucose levels (or type 2 diabetes), in overweight and obese persons. The initial goal of weight loss therapy should be to reduce body weight by about 10 percent from baseline. With success, and if warranted, further weight loss can be attempted. Weight loss should be about 1 to 2 pounds per week for a period of 6 months, with the subsequent strategy based on the amount of weight lost.
Calorie Deficit Needed to Lose Weight
Low calorie diets (LCD) to help create a deficit of 500 to 1,000 kcal/day should be an integral part of any program aimed at achieving a weight loss of 1 to 2 pounds per week. Reducing dietary fat alone without reducing calories is not sufficient for weight loss. However, reducing dietary fat, along with reducing dietary carbohydrates, can help reduce calories.